The fight against prostatitis is a complex and relatively lengthy process that does not allow self -treatment. Since the disease can lead to both pathology of male reproductive function and serious damage in the work of other organs and systems, all steps to make a diagnosis and determine the necessary treatment strategy should be carried out exclusively by urologists. How to treat prostatitis so that the disease subsides as quickly as possible, and what is the complex of therapeutic measures?
Diagnosis of prostatitis
Identification of the presence of prostatitis in a patient for a urologist is usually not difficult, and the main goal of the diagnostic procedure is to determine the cause and form of the disease. Some types of examinations can cause discomfort or pain in the patient, but through certain stages of clinical diagnostics it is necessary for the treating physician to gather useful information:
- Digital examination of the main rectum and taking prostate secretions for analysis, which determines the nature of the disease (bacterial or infectious form of prostatitis). If an infectious agent is found in the biological material, a test of the sensitivity of the pathogenic microflora to antibiotics is carried out to optimize the complex of subsequent therapeutic measures.
- Transabdominal or transrectal ultrasound examination. It is prescribed according to the need to clarify the characteristics of the condition of the prostate gland. Transabdominal ultrasound is performed through the anterior abdominal wall and does not cause discomfort to the patient. However, transrectal examination of the prostate (through the rectum), although somewhat painful, but a more informative procedure, because it allows you to determine not only the parameters of the gland, but also changes in its structure.
- Blood test for PSA. Excess in the blood of normal levels (4 ng / ml) of prostate -specific antigens may indicate the presence of pathological processes in the prostate gland. Determination of PSA indicators should be carried out not only in the process of diagnosing prostatitis, but also during the treatment of the disease to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy.
The main therapeutic components and methods of treatment of prostatitis
Acute prostatitis and exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease are treated according to the same scheme. Properly chosen rational therapy assumes complete recovery of the patient in the first case and leads to his cure or long -term remission of the disease in the second case. Only a urologist can decide how to treat prostatitis without endangering the health of the patient and with maximum effect the means and methods used, the role of the patient in this process lies in his strict adherence to all specialist prescriptions.
Medical therapy
Treatment with drugs underlies any therapeutic effect on inflammation in the prostate gland. The selection of the required medications is made by the urologist based on data from laboratory tests and other preliminary studies. The focus of drug therapy includes:
- reduction of the patient's pain level;
- normalization of blood circulation in the prostate gland and adjacent organs;
- localization and destruction of infectious agents;
- elimination of inflammatory responses and congestion in the prostate;
- stabilization of immunity, sexual performance and general well -being of the patient
Optimal effectiveness of drug therapy is achieved through a combination of antibiotics, painkillers, anti-inflammatory and hormonal drugs, antidepressants, microclisters and suppositories in health programs.
Local therapy
The local restorative effect on the prostate gland and inflamed areas is achieved through the use of various types of physiotherapy in the treatment program:
- ultrasonic phonophoresis;
- transrectal microwave hyperthermia;
- diadynamophoresis;
- laser therapy;
- prostate massage.
It should be noted that, with its relative pain, massage is the most effective way to combat prostatitis. Thanks to such a procedure, stagnant secretions from the prostate gland are removed, which helps improve blood circulation of the affected tissues and increases the effectiveness of medications used by patients. Massage is prescribed to patients during the period of remission or reduction of acute manifestations of the disease. During an exacerbation of prostatitis, the procedure is excluded by the doctor from the list of therapeutic measures, as it can trigger the spread of infection.
Phytotherapy
Treatment with phytopreparations is prescribed for patients with prostatitis as part of a complex therapy. The use of herbal health products is possible for a long course, due to their harmless effects on the body and low incidence of side effects. Phytotherapy can be carried out through internal and (or) external use, in the form of juices, decoctions or infusions of St. John's wort. John, ginseng, calamus, periwinkle, burdock, nettle and other medicinal plants. In chronic forms of prostatitis, the doctor may prescribe magneto-, phono- or phytopreparation electrophoresis.
Drugs in the treatment of prostatitis
The course of medication use by patients is prescribed by their doctor individually. The antibiotic program is designed taking into account the following specific criteria:
- forms of the disease;
- type of pathogen and antimicrobial activity of the drug;
- the ability to penetrate drugs in prostate tissue;
- there are no contraindications to taking the drug;
- methods of drug administration;
- possible side effects
According to the indicators of effectiveness of treatment of chronic and acute prostatitis, there are three main groups of antibacterial agents:
- Fluoroquinolones. Drugs of this group have a broad spectrum of action and have the ability to accumulate in prostate gland tissue in high concentrations; at the same time, the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to the active agent is not developed. The "disadvantage" of fluoroquinolones lies in the possibility of their negative effects on the central nervous system and the possibility of allergic reactions in patients.
- Tetracyclines. The drug is most effective against atypical pathogens, but is not active enough in combating Escherichia coli and staphylococci and is not fully effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Macrolide. Preparations of macrolide groups readily penetrate and accumulate actively in glandular tissues, however, as low toxic and effective in the destruction of gram-positive bacteria, they are ineffective in suppressing gram-negative bacteria.
In the first few days of taking the prescribed antibacterial medication, patients with a diagnosis of prostatitis should visit their doctor regularly. Such measures are necessary for urologists to detect the effectiveness of antibiotics. If, after three days of treatment, the specialist does not see a significant improvement in the patient's condition, he replaces the main drug. When prescribing antibiotics, physicians must take into account the patient’s experience taking the same medication to exclude re -prescription of drugs of the same group.
In addition to antibacterials and painkillers, prostatitis patients may be given hormone therapy and (or) take alpha blockers:
- Hormone therapy. The condition and function of the prostate directly depends on the amount of androgens and estrogens in the male body. The use of hormone medications in the treatment of prostatitis allows you to shift the balance of "female" and "male" hormones in a certain direction. Since such drugs help reduce prostate gland tissue, we can talk about the indirect role of antiandrogens in the recovery of patients with prostatitis.
- Alpha blocker. Such fundraising refers to methods of pathogenetic therapy; the purpose is to reduce the general symptoms of prostate inflammation. Particularly effective is the use of alpha-blockers for urinary problems. Thanks to the removal of spasm of the sphincter, ureter wall, smooth muscle of the bladder, as well as the prostate gland itself, stagnation or reverse reflux of prostate secretions is prevented and edema is removed from the inflamed organ.
Regardless of the purpose and specifics of the use of medications, the intake of any medication should be carried out exclusively as prescribed by a physician and under his control. Medications alone can lead to complications of the disease or make subsequent therapy ineffective in the clinic.
Immunocorrection is the key to successful treatment
The whole complex of medical procedures for chronic or acute prostatitis must be accompanied by immunocorrective measures (regular visits to immunologists, normalization of lifestyle, taking vitamins, immunomodulators, etc. ). High immune status of the body contributes to the rapid recovery of the patient or the prolongation of the remission phase in the form of chronic diseases.
Timely visits to a specialist in case of characteristic symptoms of the disease, strict adherence to medical recommendations in case of diagnosis of prostatitis, prevention of recurrence of existing diseases and rejection of self -treatment categories in favor of professional intervention by urologists will allow you to avoid long -term treatment and consequences. undesirable from serious illness.